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- Class: A blueprint for creating objects (a particular data structure), providing initial values for state (member variables or attributes) and implementations of behavior (member functions or methods).
- Object: An instance of a class. It has state (attributes) and behavior (methods).
- Inheritance: A mechanism where one class acquires the properties (methods and fields) of another. With inheritance, the information is placed in a more manageable, hierarchical order.
- Polymorphism: The ability of an object to take on many forms. The most common use of polymorphism in OOP occurs when a parent class reference is used to refer to a child class object.
- Encapsulation: The technique of making the fields in a class private and providing access to the fields via public methods. It's a protective barrier that keeps the data and code safe within the object and prevents unauthorized access.
- Method Overloading: A feature that allows a class to have more than one method having the same name, if their parameter lists are different.
- Method Overriding: When a method in a subclass has the same name, return type, and parameters as a method in its superclass, the method in the subclass is said to override the method in the superclass.
- Interface: A reference type in Java, it is a collection of abstract methods. A class implements an interface, thereby inheriting the abstract methods of the interface.
- Abstract Class: A class that cannot be instantiated, but can be subclassed. It can contain abstract methods (methods without bodies).
- Static: A keyword in Java that means "belonging to the class, not an instance of the class." Static methods or fields are shared across all instances of a class.
- Final: A keyword in Java used to restrict the user. The final keyword can be used with variables, methods, and classes. A final variable cannot be reinitialized with another value, a final method cannot be overridden, and a final class cannot be subclassed.
- Constructor: A block of code similar to a method that's called when an instance of an object is created. Constructors are not methods and do not have a return type, not even void.
- Array: A container object that holds a fixed number of values of a single type. The length of an array is established when the array is created and cannot be changed.
- Loop (for, while, do-while): Structures that repeat a block of code until a specified condition is met. Java supports several loop structures including for loops, while loops, and do-while loops.
- Exception Handling: The process of handling runtime errors in Java programs. Java provides a robust and object-oriented way to handle exception scenarios, known as Java Exception Handling.
- Package: A namespace that organizes a set of related classes and interfaces. Conceptually, you can think of packages as being similar to different folders on your computer.
- Recursion: A programming technique where a method calls itself to solve a problem. It's a powerful alternative to using iterative solutions (loops).
- Data Types: In Java, there are two types of data types: primitive (such as
int,char,double) and reference/object (such asString, arrays, and any objects).
- Visibility Modifiers: Keywords that set the accessibility of classes, methods, and other members. The most common are
public,private, andprotected.
- Static vs. Instance Methods: Static methods belong to the class and can be called without creating an instance of the class, whereas instance methods belong to an object of a class and require an instance to be called.
- Lambda Expressions: A feature introduced in Java 8, which allows you to treat functionality as a method argument, or code as data. Lambda expressions let you express instances of single-method interfaces (functional interfaces) more compactly.
- 作者:现代数学启蒙
- 链接:https://www.math1234567.com/javajargons
- 声明:本文采用 CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 许可协议，转载请注明出处。
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