9618/21/M/J/21 Q4:

Overview

Detailed Explanation

1. Function Declaration

• Function Name: Convert

• Parameter: Name of type STRING

• Return Type: STRING

2. Variable Declarations

• Flag (BOOLEAN): A flag to indicate whether the current character is the start of a new word.

• Index (INTEGER): A counter to traverse each character in the input string.

• ThisChar (CHAR): Holds the current character being processed.

• NewName (STRING): Builds the resulting string with the desired formatting.

• SPACECHAR (CONSTANT): Represents a space character ' ' to identify word boundaries.

3. Initialization

• Flag is set to TRUE to indicate that the first character of the string should be processed as the start of a new word.

• Index starts at 1, assuming the string indexing begins at 1.

• NewName is initialized as an empty string to accumulate the processed characters.

4. Processing Loop

• Loop Condition: Continues as long as Index is within the length of the input string Name.

• Retrieve Current Character:
• MID(Name, Index, 1) extracts the character at the current Index position.

• Check the Flag:
• If Flag is TRUE:
• Capitalize the Current Character:
• UCASE(ThisChar) converts ThisChar to uppercase.
• Update Flag:
• If the current character is not a space, set Flag to FALSE indicating that subsequent characters are part of the same word.
• If Flag is FALSE:
• Append the current character as-is to NewName without modification.

• Check for Space Character:
• If the current character is a space, set Flag to TRUE to indicate that the next non-space character should be capitalized.

• Increment Index:
• Move to the next character in the string.

5. Return Statement

• After processing all characters, return the newly constructed string NewName.

Example Execution

1. Initial State:
• Flag = TRUE
• Index = 1
• NewName = ""

2. First Iteration (Index = 1):
• ThisChar = 's'
• Since Flag = TRUE, capitalize 's' to 'S' and append to NewName: NewName = "S"
• 's' is not a space, set Flag = FALSE
• Increment Index to 2

3. Subsequent Iterations (Index = 2 to 6):
• Characters 'p', 'r', 'i', 'n', 'g' are appended as-is because Flag = FALSE
• NewName becomes "Spring"

4. End of String:
• Return "Spring"

Summary

• Convert("hello world") ➔ "Hello World"

• Convert("java programming language") ➔ "Java Programming Language"

• Convert("convert THIS string") ➔ "Convert THIS String"