9i CIE 9618 真题详解 | 现代数学启蒙

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9618/21/M/J/21 Q4:

Certainly! Let's break down and understand the provided code step by step.

Overview

The code defines a function named Convert that takes a string input and returns a modified version of that string. Specifically, the function capitalizes the first character of each word in the input string while leaving the rest of the characters unchanged.

Detailed Explanation

1. Function Declaration

Function Name: Convert

Parameter: Name of type STRING

Return Type: STRING

2. Variable Declarations

Flag (BOOLEAN): A flag to indicate whether the current character is the start of a new word.

Index (INTEGER): A counter to traverse each character in the input string.

ThisChar (CHAR): Holds the current character being processed.

NewName (STRING): Builds the resulting string with the desired formatting.

SPACECHAR (CONSTANT): Represents a space character ' ' to identify word boundaries.

3. Initialization

Flag is set to TRUE to indicate that the first character of the string should be processed as the start of a new word.

Index starts at 1, assuming the string indexing begins at 1.

NewName is initialized as an empty string to accumulate the processed characters.

4. Processing Loop

Loop Condition: Continues as long as Index is within the length of the input string Name.

Retrieve Current Character:

MID(Name, Index, 1) extracts the character at the current Index position.

Check the Flag:

If Flag is TRUE:

Capitalize the Current Character:

UCASE(ThisChar) converts ThisChar to uppercase.

Update Flag:

If the current character is not a space, set Flag to FALSE indicating that subsequent characters are part of the same word.

If Flag is FALSE:

Append the current character as-is to NewName without modification.

Check for Space Character:

If the current character is a space, set Flag to TRUE to indicate that the next non-space character should be capitalized.

Increment Index:

Move to the next character in the string.

5. Return Statement

After processing all characters, return the newly constructed string NewName.

Example Execution

Let's apply the function to the example provided:

Step-by-Step:

Initial State:

Flag = TRUE

Index = 1

NewName = ""

First Iteration (Index = 1):

ThisChar = 's'

Since Flag = TRUE, capitalize 's' to 'S' and append to NewName: NewName = "S"

's' is not a space, set Flag = FALSE

Increment Index to 2

Subsequent Iterations (Index = 2 to 6):

Characters 'p', 'r', 'i', 'n', 'g' are appended as-is because Flag = FALSE

NewName becomes "Spring"

End of String:

Return "Spring"

Summary

The Convert function processes an input string and capitalizes the first character of each word, where words are defined as sequences of characters separated by spaces. All other characters remain unchanged. This is similar to converting a string to "Title Case."

Example Outputs:

Convert("hello world") ➔ "Hello World"

Convert("java programming language") ➔ "Java Programming Language"

Convert("convert THIS string") ➔ "Convert THIS String"

This function is useful for formatting names, titles, or any textual data where standardized capitalization is desired.