Casting in Java

1. Implicit Casting (Widening Conversion):
• Happens automatically when converting a smaller data type to a larger data type.
• No data loss occurs.
• Example:

2. Explicit Casting (Narrowing Conversion):
• Must be done manually.
• There can be data loss.
• Example:

Ranges of Variables

1. byte:
• Size: 8 bits
• Range: -128 to 127
• Example:

2. short:
• Size: 16 bits
• Range: -32,768 to 32,767
• Example:

3. int:
• Size: 32 bits
• Range: -2^31 to 2^31-1 (approximately -2.1 billion to 2.1 billion)
• Example:

4. long:
• Size: 64 bits
• Range: -2^63 to 2^63-1 (approximately -9.2 quintillion to 9.2 quintillion)
• Example:

5. float:
• Size: 32 bits
• Range: Approximately ±3.40282347E+38F (6-7 significant decimal digits)
• Example:

6. double:
• Size: 64 bits
• Range: Approximately ±1.79769313486231570E+308 (15 significant decimal digits)
• Example:

7. char:
• Size: 16 bits
• Range: 0 to 65,535 (unsigned)
• Example:

8. boolean:
• Size: Not precisely defined; typically 1 bit
• Values: true or false
• Example:

Example: Combining Casting and Range